The National Institutes of Health has a whole subdomain dedicated to stem cells and stem cell research. It is well worth reading up on exactly what are stem cells and other frequently asked questions. The site is set up to be understood by the lay person, but true to current scientific knowledge. The medical possibilities are many, and the scientific interest is great.
Your body maintains a certain balance at all times. One of the many balances is in your bone marrow. A stock of stem cells in your bone marrow, called hematopoietic stem cells, receives biochemical signals from your body about what blood cells are needed at any given time. A cut in your finger is fighting off a bacterial infection? Your body signals your bone marrow to produce more granulocytic cells such as neutrophils. Fighting off a virus? Your body sends in the "go" to make more lymphocytes. The total life cycle of most blood cells is on the order of weeks, so you must continuously make more.
This balance is amazingly beautiful, "natural", and outstandingly important to your health. One of the most important aspects of your immune system is your blood. The balance between different blood cells gives your body the edge it needs to stay healthy.
In normal healthy individuals, the amount of stem cells circulating in the peripheral blood is very, very small.
Is more of a good thing better?
There are currently on the market products called "stem cell enhancers" that can show with laboratory results that they will increase your circulating stem cells. The results are indeed published that these chemicals (by the time they are extracted from the original natural source, they really are just chemicals) increase the amount of stem cells circulating in your blood stream.
The question remains whether it's a good thing to have this happen.
During diagnosis of many illnesses of the blood, one of the things that a doctor looks at is how many of what kind of blood cell is circulating in the peripheral blood, and how many of what kind are in the bone marrow. Imbalances beyond certain norms are considered warning signs at least, diagnostic markers for illness at most.
Current scientific research is inconclusive about exactly what adult stem cells do when released into the peripheral blood stream. There is great interest in whether these cells can be somehow drawn to areas of the body that are in need of cellular regeneration, such as cardiac disease, diabetes, and muscles. There is still not enough evidence for anyone to be able to say that circulating stem cells can migrate to where you would like them, or even where you may need them. There are cases for such a view, as well as cases against. The cold hard fact is that there is just not enough data at this time to draw conclusions.
On the other side of the inconclusive coin, there is a growing body of scientific evidence that stem cells can contribute to tumor growth in certain cases. This alone should tell you to speak with a well trained health care professional before taking "stem cell enhancer" products.
To sum, yes, the products mentioned will indeed cause your bone marrow to spit out stem cells into your peripheral blood system. It remains medically and scientifically unclear as to whether this is a good thing for your body at all.
Sources:
http://stemcells.nih.gov/info/basics/
PubMed Abstract of 'Bone marrow-derived cells: roles in solid tumor. Minireview.'
Xiong-Zhi W, Dan C, Guang-Ru X. Bone marrow-derived cells: roles in solid tumor. Neoplasma. 2007;54(1):1-6.
Role of hematopoietic lineage cells as accessory components in blood vessel formation
Takakura, N. Role of hematopoietic lineage cells as accessory components in blood vessel formation. Cancer Sci. 2006 Jul;97(7):568-74.
Stem Cells and Neurogenesis in Tumors
Varner J, Zänker KS, Entschladen F (eds): Neuronal Activity in Tumor Tissue. Prog Exp Tumor Res. Basel, Karger, 2007, vol 39, pp 122-129
About the author:
Samantha Rangen writes about home health issues. She has a BA in chemistry and has worked as a research technician for over 20 years in biochemistry, genetics, biochemistry, and cancer research.
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